Bitter leaf soup

Bitter leaf soup (also known as Ofe Onugbu in Igbo) is a traditional Nigerian delicacy known for its distinctly rich and slightly bitter taste, which comes from the washed bitter leaves (onugbu) used in its preparation.

The soup is made with a flavorful base of palm oil, ground melon seeds (egusi or achi for thickening), and a mix of meats, stockfish, and dry fish, giving it a deep, savory flavor. Seasoned with crayfish, peppers, and spices, the soup strikes a perfect balance between bitterness and richness once the leaves are properly washed to reduce their natural sharpness.

It’s typically served with swallows such as pounded yam, eba, or fufu — making it a beloved comfort dish enjoyed across Nigeria for its unique taste, nutritional value, and cultural heritage.